Summer brings many benefits for dog owners: less mud, fewer layers, and longer days for walks. However, high temperatures can be dangerous for dogs, especially those not suited to warm climates. While dogs have sweat glands, they can't produce enough sweat to lower their body temperature effectively, relying on panting and releasing heat through their noses and paw pads. Here's how to keep your dog cool and safe during the summer.
Understanding Heat Sensitivity in Dogs
Helen Masters, a dog behaviourist, rehabilitator, and trainer, explains that different breeds cope differently with heat. Dogs like Huskies thrive in cold environments and suffer in the heat, while brachycephalic breeds (e.g., bulldogs, pugs) are particularly vulnerable due to their flat faces and breathing difficulties. On the other hand, some breeds, like Mastiffs and Rhodesian Ridgebacks, enjoy sunbathing but need shade and access to water.
Tips for Keeping Your Dog Cool
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Exercise Adjustments
- Avoid Peak Sun Hours: Walk your dog early in the morning or late in the evening when temperatures are cooler.
- Skip Walks if Necessary: Missing a walk is better than risking heatstroke. Opt for mental enrichment activities at home, like puzzle toys or teaching new tricks.
- Surface Check: Use the "touch test" on walking surfaces. Hot concrete can burn your dog's paws. Walk on grass whenever possible.
- Horse Fly Repellent and Suncream: Protect your dog from bites and sunburn, especially those with short or white coats.
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Cooling Products
- Cooling Jackets and Mats: Use these to help absorb your dog's body heat.
- Dog Paddling Pools: Ideal for dogs that enjoy water. Add toys to make it fun.
- Hosing Down: Cool your dog with a hose, ensuring the water is not too hot.
- Doggy Ice Lollies: Homemade frozen treats can help cool your dog, but avoid overfeeding to prevent stomach issues.
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Hydration
- Ice Cubes in Water: Encourage your dog to drink more by adding ice cubes to their water bowl.
- Frozen Raw Food: If your dog is on a raw diet, feeding frozen can act as a cooling aid and provide enrichment.
When is it Too Hot to Walk Your Dog?
- Below 15ºC: Safe for all dogs.
- 15-18ºC: Monitor larger, hairier dogs.
- 18-21ºC: Small to medium dogs are generally safe; larger dogs should be monitored.
- 21-23ºC: Potential hazard for all dogs; adjust exercise routines.
- 23-26ºC: Hazardous for small to medium dogs; dangerous for larger dogs.
- Above 26ºC: Life-threatening for all dogs, especially larger breeds. Avoid walking.
Breeds at Higher Risk
- Dark/Black-Coated Dogs: Feel the heat more intensely.
- Thick-Coated Breeds: Such as Siberian Huskies, Samoyeds, and Bernese Mountain Dogs.
- Brachycephalic Breeds: Including pugs, bulldogs, and boxers, which struggle to pant effectively.
Signs of Heat Stroke
If your dog shows signs of heat stroke, act quickly:
- Body Temperature Above 40ºC
- Excessive Panting: Dark or bright red tongue, sticky or dry tongue and gums, excessive drooling.
- Staggering, Stupor: Seizures, disorientation, lethargy, anxiety.
- Rapid Heartbeat: Wobbly legs, collapsing.
Move your dog out of the heat, apply cold water, and take them to the vet immediately.
Stay safe, and enjoy the sunshine with your furry friend!